Different Types Of Cell Research - 1600 Words

HSC Research Paper From brain cells to skin cells, our body is made up of 200 different types of specialized cells. One of the most versatile types of cell is a stem cell. Stem cells are cells that have not been specialized yet; in other words, they do not have a specific job. For example, nerve cells work to send signals throughout your body, while stem cells do not have any specific functions. But they do possess the ability to develop into all of the other different types of specialized cells in our body. With regenerative abilities, stem cells are capable of renewing themselves through cell division and when the stem cell divides to create another cell, the new cell has the potential to either stay a stem cell or differentiate into a†¦show more content†¦For over 40 years, they have been used to successfully treat the cancers of blood, including lymphoma and leukemia. HSCs have showed a widespread of potential clinical uses and today, researchers continue to advance their knowledge of stem cells and dig deeper with hopes of widening the clinical uses of HSCs. The first evidence of HSCs came from victims of the nuclear bombing in 1945. Research indicated that the victims, who died over a prolonged period, had compromised hematopoietic systems; in other words, their bodies were unable to regenerate either white blood cells to protect against infections or platelets to clot their blood. To further their understanding, an experiment was conducted on mice, in which they were exposed to radiation, identical to the citizens of Nagasaki and Hiroshima. The mice, which were given the minimal lethal dose, died of hematopoietic failure during the two weeks following after the radiation exposure, similar to the citizens. Scientists later discovered that they could rescue the mice from hematopoietic failure by injecting cells from blood-forming organs of healthy mice. This discovery uncovered the importance of the hematopoietic system and its functions, such as the bone marrow’s role in the regeneration of blood and immune cells. Early research of HSCs primarily focused on characterizing HSCs from other cells. Identifying and differentiating HSCs from other cells proved to be easier said than done,

Field Of Dreams By Karissa Melfi - 3266 Words

Field of Dreams Karissa Melfi William Paterson University Field of Dreams A series of thoughts, images, and sensations that occur during a person’s mind during the time that they sleep is known as a dream. Dreams go way back until the beginning of mankind, even to the BC era during the time that Egyptians and Greeks were the leading force! The Egyptians examined the meanings behind the dreams we have and analyzed the symbols. There are a numerous amount of reasons behind our dreams. People must ask all the time, what is the reasoning behind dreaming? Why do we dream? What is the meaning behind the dream I had? In an average lifetime, approximately six years is spent dreaming. Every single person on this planet dreams and just because one might not remember doing so, it was still done. One might have several dreams occur throughout a normal night of sleep that lasts from about seven to eight hours. Everyone has dreams and each experience is distinctive and personal. Some can contain vivid pictures or memorable illustrations of reality and others can be unreal or abstract. In a way, they all have certain meanings to them and there can be messages hidden that are trying to tell someone something. An abundant amount of people are always curious as to why they dreamed what they did and spend time looking for those answers. There is a history of dreaming that dates back to the BC era when the Egyptians believed in the three bodies, which include

Dr. Doctor Free Essays

Dear Doctor, Yesterday, during lunch, my best friend and I were discussing sexually transmitted diseases and we got into quite a brawl about some of the myths and facts of them. It seemed like the only statement we both agreed on was that the topic about sexually transmitted diseases (and how each are transmitted and statistics) should be taught in school, just how biological information and abstinence are being educated. With that being said, I have quite a few questions to ask you. We will write a custom essay sample on Dr. Doctor or any similar topic only for you Order Now Is it still possible to get a sexually transmitted disease if you are abstinent? If a person is infected with a sexually transmitted disease, can you tell by their appearance? Is there a higher chance that you will be infected by a sexually transmitted disease if you’re in your teen years? Can STDS only spread through semen and blood? If a woman is on birth control, does that prevent her from obtaining an STD as well? Can you, in fact, catch an STD from a toilet seat? And lastly, once you have a sexually transmitted disease, there’s no chance of becoming infected again, right? These were a bunch of questions that seemed to be left unanswered yesterday and I was wondering if you might be able to clarify them for me as well as every other reader out there. Thank you Doctor. Sincerely, Confused reader. Dear â€Å"Confused reader†, I do appreciate taking time to write to me about your questions and I also agree with you that the educational system should do more to inform the youth about sexually transmitted diseases before it may be too late. Also, as for your questions.. Yes, there is still a chance that one might become infected with a sexually transmitted disease while remaining abstinent. Abstinence does not prevent AIDS, hepatitis B, and hepatitis C infections that come from nonsexual activities like using contaminated needles for doing drugs, unsterilized tattooing, or even taking steroids. You have no way of knowing if a person has a sexually transmitted disease just by looking at their appearance and observing how ‘clean’ they are. Even doctors often can’t tell by looking if people have STDs; that’s why tests involving a patient’s blood work were made. Most STDs have very few signs or no signs at all. Only in really extreme cases of certain STDs could a person detect signs of an STD in the groin area; but don’t rely on it. It’s even possible to carry and spread the virus without ever having an outbreak. The truth is, about one in four sexually experienced teens become infected with an STD. Unfortunately, you are correct on this one. Statistics show that two-thirds of sexually transmitted diseases occur in people who are under twenty- five and one in four girls between the ages of fourteen and nineteen were determined to have at least one of four sexually transmitted diseases (Human Papillomavirus [HPV], Chlamydia, Herpes Simplex Virus, and Trichomoniasis. ). Young people (ages from 15- 24) have five times the reported rate of Chlamydia of the total population, four times the reported rate of Gonorrhea, and three times the rate of Syphilis. While semen and blood can spread some sexually transmitted diseases, some STDs like herpes and syphilis can be spread by skin on skin contact. For example, when herpes flares up, an active sore appears on the person’s body and if this sore comes into contact with another person’s skin (or moist areas like the mouth, throat, and also areas with cuts and/ or rashes), it can spread. However, it can also spread before the blisters actually form. I’ve actually heard these two myths before and never understood how they came about. The birth control pill has the potential to prevent one thing, the prevention of pregnancy from occurring. It holds no protection against sexually transmitted diseases. As for the myth about being able to get a sexually transmitted disease from a toilet seat, organisms cannot survive outside of the human body for a long period of time. Some STDs are yours for life, like herpes and HIV. Others, like Chlamydia and Gonorrhea, can be treated; but you more likely to get infected again, since you are now vulnerable to the disease if you have sexual contact with someone who has them. In young girls, the second time you have Chlamydia, there’s more damage to your reproductive tract, which may cause permanent infertility. I expect that you read everything that I have written and have more of an understanding on sexually transmitted diseases. Remember: No sex is always better than safe sex. Sincerely always, The Doctor. How to cite Dr. Doctor, Essay examples

Management Is a Discipline Which Focuses †Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Explain Management Is a Discipline Which Focuses? Answer: Introducation Project management is a discipline which focuses on effective completing the set target in a structured manner through effective initiation, planning, execution, control and project control stages. This helps in developing significant and well defined means of objectives while focusing on cost and time factors significantly (Alotaibi and Mafimisebi, 2016). Project management is a time bound because they are carried out for a specific period of time. Construction projects, strategic development, technology development, system updates etc are few examples of projects which businesses undertake to enhance business performance and growth within the market. Construction projects are the common yet most challenging aspects of project management. A specific and well defined means of planning, budgeting and execution is demanded in these projects as they help in creating a significant flow within the market thus creating high impact on project completion. Different methodologies are undertaken to deal with the projects in an effective and well defined manner (Sardar, Bandyopadhyay and Sanyal, 2016). Project managers develop the methodologies as per the activity demand. Project methodology focuses on effectively attaining the project aim in an effective and structured manner. Implementation of effective mythology helps in minimizing the chances of errors and wastage of resources as well. It helps in properly placing the people component while analyzing the technical, financial and operational aspects of the project (Joosten, Basten and Mellis, 2016). Methodologies such as Agile, Waterfall, lean construction, Six Sigma, Critical chain etc are commonly adopted by the project managers to efficiently deal with the issue and develop critical plan for construction. However it has been analyzed that waterfall methodology is the most effective and commonly adopted measure which helps the construction projects to be accomplished in a proper and accurate manner (Konstantinou and Mller, 2016). The present project will implement the same in order to develop a structured plan to attain the predetermined objective. The evaluation will focus on evaluating the major stages of waterfall strategy and how it will be implemented in the mentioned case. Along with this the study will also evaluate the selected strategy in order to attain a clear analysis of the method. Waterfall methodology Waterfall methodology is one the most common and effective technique adopted for construction projects. It is alternatively called traditional project management measures as well. The stated aspect effectively divides the overall projects into specific subtasks and sequence. It has been evaluated that proper sequencing in construction projects is very necessary because to attain a proper result for the project effective planning is crucial. For example roof of the building can only be constructed once the base figure is ready (Kerzner, 2013). Waterfall as per the name defined the process of working as water flow in a downward and forward direction. The methodology represents the actual waterfall where the completion of the work is divided into specific tier or stages. The stated aspect of the methodology lies on the assumption that completion of prior stage is important to start the succeeding stage of work (Schwalbe, 2015). Focus on quality and design is effectively attained at ever y mentioned stage which helps in ensuring the success of the project in expected quality aspect. Team management and support is effectively attained in the technique thus high and significant results are attained in the project. Case analysis The current case analysis reflects that construction project for Quota Shared Park had been proposed in Mackay Region of Queensland, Australia. The park has to be redesigned and reconstructed in order to effectively integrate the functions and its assets. The development of the pathway will result in creating a significant result in terms of facility linkage for the park. Tender submission with the government has been done in order to ensure the acceptance of the proposed plan in an effective manner. The major focus of the construction plan will be to enhance consumer experiences for visiting the park. The available resources for the park are limited. There are few offices which will help in effective resource implementation. These offices will lead to a significant way of assigning the tasks and developing a well structured pathway for the project proposed. The Quota Shared Park will enhance the guest experience by effective development of the site and creating a significant impact on park development and growth. Stages of project planning Waterfall methodology undertakes a well defined sequential measure to attain the project and objective. There are different stages involved in the methodology which help in dividing and scheduling the project efficiently (Garton and McCulloch, 2012). The sated methodology will carry out the operations in a specific and steady flow of activities. It will help in attaining different phases of the project design and completion. It helps in developing a formal link between different stages of project development and completion. (Source: Steurbaut, and et.al., 2012) Stage 1: Requirements- This is one of the most crucial and significant stage of project initiation. It focuses on understanding the project needs and demands and successfully completing the same in a well defined and effective manner. The project manger will effectively analyze the Quota Shared Park will analyze the required construction and refurnishing planning for the project. At this stage resource requirement and needs will be significantly analyzed and determined to attain the smooth means of working on the project (Garton and McCulloch, 2012). This will also be helpful in project imitation and framing of business plans and activities. Quality analysis of resources and procedures will be significantly carried out in the overall process. The initial stage of project initiation is very significant for understating the project needs and demands in a clear and well defined manner. This stage will also focus on planning of the overall process. This will be significant in attaining p roject results in a quality aspect. Stage 2: Design- This stage of project management focuses on developing effective and well defined design for overall process. This stage of construction will focus on analyzing the construction design, facility layout and physical resources needed to develop significant results for completion of the plan (Steurbaut and et.al., 2012). Waterfall methodology will help in creating a significant impact on process and quality aspects. At this stage activity planning is carried out in order to effectively delegate the responsibilities and resources at different stage of project development. Designing is carried out in the basis of planning and resource requirement analyzed in the first stage of the project planning. It will help in delivering effective and significant results for the proposed project. The Quota Shared Park project will demand to analysis of construction and refurnishing plan as per the project needs and demand. This individual stage of methodology will help in determining the project process and sequence for effectively determining the resource and budget requirement. The project manager needs to ensure the sequence of the construction plan in order to ensure effective project completion. Stage 3: Implementation- The initial two stages of the methodology focused on analyzing the planning and designing aspects of the project. This stage as per the water fall methodology will focus of effective implementation and completion of every activity in a planned and scheduled manner (Iwanaga, El Sawah and Jakeman, 2013). The project manager in the stated project will focus on effectively analyzing the project needs and then develop effective programs for the stated need in small units which will help in integrating the project needs and demands in a well defined manner. As per the methodology each unit and program is effectively tested for quality verification and functionality so that the project manager can move the overall process to the next stage. The Quota Shared Park project will analyze the construction plans for guests entertainment and park development. These plans will be divided into small yet achievable milestones in order to carry out the process in an unrestricte d manner (Huemann, Keegan, and Mller, 2016). Stage 4: Integration and testing- This crucial stage of the methodology focuses on analyzing the gap between the planning and implementation stage. Here the project manager evaluates the needs and demands of every individual thus creating a significant impact on project completion. At this stage the construction activities are tested and analyzed for its speed and process. The manager effectively ensures minimization of errors in the construction plan as it may lead to increase in project time and completion. Hence effective testing helps in well defined attainment of project goals and processes. Stage 5: Deployment of system- This stage of project management focuses on analyzing the functional and non functionality of the project plan and procedure. It will help the project manager in analyzing the aspect which is delivering significant results for attaining the stated objectives of the project (Burke, 2013). However this stage also helps in evaluating the prospects which are not functional and cost effective with the project plan thus evaluation and comparison of standard output with actual output is effectively done to attain effective results. Stage 6: Maintenance- The final stage of methodology focuses on analyzing the overall project procedure along with the needs and demands of the clients. It helps the businesses in ensuring effective results in order to carry out the business activity. For the present study the evaluation will focus on analyzing the construction plan and actual output for the project thus creating a well defined structure for guests entertainment. Also to enhance the product some better versions are released. Maintenance is done to deliver these changes in the customer environment. Justification of methodology The above evaluation effectively revealed the effective and well defined means of project planning and management. This will help the businesses in creating a well defined impact on business growth and development. . The Quota Shared Park is presently focusing on reconstructing and redesigning the project in order to attain the business needs and demands (Chen, Cheng and Huang, 2013). It will help in enhancing guest experience and functionality of the park as well. the stated methodology will be highly effective for the stated objective as the process implemented in the study will be carried out in an effective and significant manner. Waterfall strategy will help in clearly dividing the expected outcomes of the projects in a schedules manner. These stages will then be attained in a procedural manner thus creating a well defined impact on project completion. The overall evaluation of the project thus reflects that the stated traditional measure is highly effective in managing cost and quality of the project (Losada, Urretavizcaya and Fernndez-Castro, 2013). Moreover the completion of the project in stated time and resources will also be ensured. Hence the waterfall methodology is effective and highly beneficial for the construction projects within the market. Documentation for the project In order to ensure effective completion of the project, documentation plays a significant role. The stated project of Quota Shared Park construction focuses on developing a clear and effective project for park development. The documentation of the projects in the stated plan will be adopted effectively. The project manager will ensure to develop effective documents for the project procedure and scheduling in order to effectively attain the project objective in an unrestricted manner. The procedural document for the construction project of Quota park project will be highly beneficial and effective. Conclusion The overall project management methodology focuses on developing an effective project for construction of the park. As per the evaluation waterfall strategy will be adopted in order to attain the project objectives effectively. Waterfall methodology is one the most common and effective technique adopted for construction projects. Project methodology focuses on effectively attaining the project aim in an effective and structured manner. Implementation of effective mythology helps in minimizing the chances of errors and wastage of resources as well. The Quota Shared Park is presently focusing on reconstructing and redesigning the project in order to attain the business needs and demands. It will help in enhancing guest experience and functionality of the park as well. Hence it can be concluded that the proposed methodology will help the project in effective planning and scheduling thus focusing on project objectives. References Books and Journals Losada, B., Urretavizcaya, M. and Fernndez-Castro, I., 2013. A guide to agile development of interactive software with a User Objectives-driven methodology.Science of Computer Programming,78(11), pp.2268-2281. Burke, R. 2013.Project management: planning and control techniques.New Jersey, USA. Chen, J.C., Cheng, C.H. and Huang, P.B., 2013. Supply chain management with lean production and RFID application: A case study.Expert Systems with Applications,40(9). pp.3389-3397. Huemann, M., Keegan, A. and Mller, R., 2016. Managing the project-based organization. Ignaciuk, P. and Bartoszewicz, A., 2012. LQ optimal and reaching law-based sliding modes for inventory management systems.International Journal of Systems Science,43(1). pp.105-116. Iwanaga, T., El Sawah, S. and Jakeman, A., 2013. Design and implementation of a web-based groundwater data management system.Mathematics and Computers in Simulation,93, pp.164-174. Steurbaut, K. and et.al., 2012. COSARA: integrated service platform for infection surveillance and antibiotic management in the ICU.Journal of medical systems,36(6). pp.3765-3775. Garton, C. and McCulloch, E., 2012. Fundamentals of Technology Project Management. MC Press, LLC. Schwalbe, K. 2015. Information technology project management. Cengage Learning. Snyder, C. S. A. 2014. Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge: PMBOK () Guide. Project Management Institute. Kerzner, H. 2013. Project management: a systems approach to planning, scheduling, and controlling. John Wiley Sons. Konstantinou, E. and Mller, R., 2016. The role of philosophy in project management.Project Management Journal,47(3), pp.3-11. Joosten, D., Basten, D., Mellis, W. (2016). Measurement of information system project success in German organizations. InProject Management: Concepts, Methodologies, Tools, and Applications(pp. 1175-1196). IGI Global. Sardar, S., Bandyopadhyay, P., Sanyal, A. (2016). A Comprehensive Data and Project Management Platform: A Case Study of a Central Bank.Journal of Information Knowledge Management,15(03), 1650026. Alotaibi, A. B., Mafimisebi, O. P. (2016). Project Management Practice: Redefining Theoretical Challenges in the 21st Century.Project Management,7(1)

New Public Management Essays - Economic Systems, Economic Ideologies

New Public Management INTRODUCTION Public sector reforms adopted in a number of countries such as USA, UK and New Zealand in the last fifteen years and characterised by efficiency units, performance management, contracting out, market type mechanisms, and agency status have come to be known as the New Public Management or NPM. Appearance of the NPM as shifting the paradigm from the old traditional model of administration has been promoted by a remarkable degree of consensus among the political leadership of various countries and is presented today as the major tool for public sector management reforms. The elements of NPM have been implemented in diverse forms in different countries depending on their historical nature of bureaucracy and public sector management and reform objectives. For instance, more emphasis was given to performance management in Scandinavian countries, while a stronger accent was on market type mechanisms, contractualisation of the public service and systematic approaches to improving service quality in New Zealand, the UK and the USA. The long-term benefits from these reforms have not been empirically validated. Nevertheless, the major donors are agreed that what developing countries must do to improve public sector management is to sweep away the traditional public administration paradigm that underpins their bureaucracies and introduce the new public management (Turner and Hulme 1997: 230). Mongolia has not escaped from this trend. The Government of Mongolia is preparing to introduce public administration reforms based on the New Zealand experience of contract relationship between resources used and outputs purchased. However, there is a question mark about Mongolia's capacity to implement such reforms and wether they meet current needs. Therefore, assuming that the concepts of NPM are quite familiar, attempts have been made to asses the Mongolian situation against prescriptions of the New Zealand model of Public Sector Reform, particularly in relation with the country's transitional circumstances. THE NEW ZEALAND MODEL OF PUBLIC MANAGEMENT The proponents of the New Public Management have often identified New Zealand as a good example of this contemporary mode of administrative reform called NPM. New Zealand has implemented an enormous number and range of management reforms since 1988. These include accrual basis accounting and appropriations. Budgeting for outputs rather than inputs, separation of service delivery functions from advisory and regulatory functions, replacing permanent department heads with chief executives appointed for a fixed term, discretion for managers to spend their operating budgets as they deem fit, individual employment contracts for most senior managers, annual purchase agreements between ministers and their departments, annual reports, and audited financial and performance statements (Schick 1998:2). Every element of reform has been designed to establish or strengthen contract-like relationship between the government and ministers as purchasers of goods and services, and departments and other entities as suppliers. This ?new contractualism' replaced the relational contracts that characterise traditional public administration (Schick 1998:3). Managerial reform is based on a simple principle: managers cannot be held responsible for results unless they have freedom to act, that is, to spend and hire within agreed budgets as they see fit, to make their own choices concerning office accommodation and other purchases, and to run their organisation free from ex ante control by outsiders. The New Zealand experience shows how effective management practices in the private sector can be brought into a public sector environment and adapted. The change was driven by ideas that have only recently entered mainstream economics and they have been applied with full fidelity to their internal logic. Although one can justify that the country has vastly enlarged the stockpile of public management ideas and practices, however, there remain concerns related to contract-like arrangements in the public sector and there is much more to be accomplished before a final assessment can be made (Schick 1998:4). TRANSITIONAL FEATURES OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION IN MONGOLIA After the collapse of the socialist block, radical political and economic changes occurred in most former socialist countries. According to Hesse (1993) the former socialist countries have a number of common characteristics, such as: a transition from one party rule to a multi-party, pluralist system with democratic and accountable government; the deconcentration and decentralisation of political power; the creation of distinct spheres of economics and politics; and, economic liberalisation. No socialist country has yet completed the full process of economic liberalisation. This is mainly because the

Solid Harvard Format Outline Step by Step Guide

Solid Harvard Format Outline Step by Step Guide Make It Look Harvard: Drafting an Outline in Harvard Format When students depart on their educational journey through college or university, they are most likely to encounter unknown tasks and unfamiliar requirements that make their hands tremble and mind race. Formatting, referencing, analyzing, providing literature review, methodology and discussion, and so on – the list can be expanded as required. But most requirements were not invented to complicate students’ lives. To the contrary, referencing and formatting standards were created to facilitate scholarly work and to standardize it. Thus everyone reading a paper knows what is meant by names and numbers in parentheses and how to decode reference entries. Harvard, also known as author and date format, is one of the most popular standards and after using it two or three times you will feel safe and confident in applying it. Outlining in Harvard style is no different from outlining in other styles. We will guide you step by step through main points and intricacies of the style, and then you can download a Harvard manual from the web and look up specific details that you need right on the go. Why Is Formatting and Referencing Important? Formatting gives a paper organized and neat look, and it also prompts readers what to expect from this paper. Abstract, footnotes, subheadings, reference part – all this is conditioned by a chosen format, so the more carefully you will approach the task the better your paper will be perceived by readers. Referencing is a separate point of attention. It means providing information about sources you used and indicating what exact ideas you borrowed and incorporated into your narration. If you fail to do so, you commit the worst academic crime – plagiarism. So to avoid blames of stealing ideas of others, credit every idea you use, whether in an outline or a ready paper and use a coherent citation standard across the paper. It will show that you take academic honesty seriously and are ready to be a part of the scholar community. This is where Harvard style comes in handy. Outlining is another important point. It is a plan of your paper will all key points mentioned and referenced. Yes, you should begin referencing on this stage already and it will significantly facilitate your work. 7 Basic Steps to Take While Writing an Outline Highlight and put down all key information that you see in sources; Organize it as a bullet point list with expanded notes after main subheadings; Cite author and date after each borrowed idea; Capitalize the authors’ names; Underline or put in italics names of books/articles; Create a rough reference page; Stay coherent in punctuation (no strict rules here). Basically, it all looks simple, but while writing outline students often skip referencing and then struggle to remember where the specific phrase or idea comes from. Apart from this complexity, you should not encounter any serious issue while using Harvard style to create a good outline, and, consequently, a good paper. General Path to Follow Now you may wonder how to structure your outline more precisely and what markers to use. It is also not that complicated. Subdivide your topic into points and give each point its sub-points. To differentiate between primary and secondary ideas use tabulation tool (indent). Flush left the lead point. Then make an indent and present sub-point(s). If you need to subdivide it, make a deeper indent. So the outline will look like a set of steps turned upside down. But this trick will help you to see what is important and what is supporting. Use various markers to differentiate between list levels: Roman numerals (main ideas) Arabic numerals (sub-points) Letters (upper case, lower case – for further subdivision) Letters in parenthesis. Switch between these markers and indentation to keep the structure of your outline visible to you and readable to your prof (if he or she requests to see the outline). No matter if you use Harvard or other standards, this basic rule of building an outline remains in place. Differentiate between levels and bring in more subdivisions if you need to add specific details and citations into main points. The more sub-points, the better the final paper will be. Applications of Harvard Formatting Style Harvard style is probably the most common formatting style because of its simplicity (it can contest with MLA only). Harvard formatting is used in Humanities and social science, but sometimes in business case studies as well. If you are assigned an outline with Harvard formatting, do not skip this task and do not treat it negligently. Making a good outline will help you to: Map out the information you found in a clearly readable way; Find inner connections and analogies; See what evidence goes where; See if you have enough evidence or need to research more; See what logical gaps you need to fill with additional research; Create a visible structure of your future paper. Application of Harvard style to outlining makes writing easier (because of the relative simplicity of style) and helps you keep your focus. By applying this style you get: Clear structure with logical subdivisions of issues and topics; The ready hierarchical structure of ideas (you see what is important and what can be skipped if you go beyond upper word count limit); A communication strategy that you can assess on the go and change without having to rewrite the whole paper; Bullet point image of your future paper – you can decide if you like it or not (and if your audience will like it). The outline is valuable in that it keeps you on the track of your thoughts and topics and does not let you stray away or forget something. While writing a paper it is very easy to get lost in explanations and lose the line of argument. An outline keeps you organized and brief, and by writing in bullet point format you can catch every idea that comes to your mind before it flies away. This is probably the highest benefit of outlining. We hope that we have persuaded you in the necessity of outlining and gave you the basics of Harvard style to keep you confident and going. Read through your outline and decide, if you have included everything you wanted or something else needs to be included yet. Check your introduction, conclusion and references. If everything seems in place, you are equipped to write a final paper. Finish Line Now that we have covered all major points Harvard style and outline creation do not look that intimidating. Actually, outlining is a valuable skill and so you should never miss a chance to practice it. Before setting to work, double check instructions given by your professor and what he or she expects to find in your outline. Whether your instructor wants to see a full-fledged plan with lots of subdivisions and citations or just a brief sketch showing that you are on the right track – anyway, you are well prepared to do it. But if you still need help and guidance, feel free to contact us and ask for assistance. We will create a proper outline, a whole paper and a reference page in Harvard format or in any other format you need. This is not a problem at all. We all learn by examples, so with our help and professionally crafted assignments you are bound to master the intricacies of this art – and get your good grades regularly.

Inland Barge Operation In Europe and China Research Paper

Inland Barge Operation In Europe and China - Research Paper Example In Europe and China, there have been significant advancements in the three forms of transportation. Rail transport has evolved over time and technological advancements have made the system more efficient and economical (Rodrigue, 2010). Most countries in these regions have developed an extensive railway network that traverses the area. Thus, rail transport is widely used for passenger and cargo transportation throughout the two regions as well us to regions. On the other hand, road transport is also widely used in the European and Chinese regions. The road network in Europe is extensive and covers virtually all the corners of the region. According to (Vrenken et al, 2005), the road network in Europe has the best roads globally with tarmacked roads covering over seventy percent of the region. Suffice to say, there are numerous road transport companies that own trucks used for delivery of cargo. The road transport system has been widely adopted in China due to its affordability and eff iciency. Long haul trucks are used to deliver cargo from all the areas in China. The truck transport system is efficiently due to precise coordination between the track companies and the warehouses where the cargo is taken from or delivered to. However, the road and rail cargo transportation systems have various weaknesses. ... Also, the two modes of transport are costly due to the high cost of fuel. Inland barge transportation is a viable alternative for the transportation of cargo. The use of boats and other water transport vessels for the transportation of cargo within the region can help to sustain the development in these regions and add other benefits. This paper argues that inland barge transportation is a more efficient mode of cargo transportation compared to road and rail transportation. This research therefore seeks to determine the use of inland barges in transportation in the two regions and the level of contribution of this type of transportation in each of the regions. In doing this, the research examines the advantages and the disadvantages of the transport systems and the extent to which it has contributed to the attainment of the modern state of the economy in the regions. The inland barge transport system will be evaluated in both regions and the contribution that it has made to the devel opment of the regions. The potential benefits of the inland barge transportation system will be analyzed. Furthermore, the discourse compares the transport mechanism in the two regions and further compares the level of development and the growth rate of the regions. In doing this, the research establishes the contribution of transportation to the process of development and determines the most cost effective means of transportation for the two regions and the whole world by extrapolation. Cargo transportation The transport sector forms a critical component of any region. In fact, an efficient transport network is often a pointer towards the level of development that is possible in a region. Industrial advancements require